Machine tool transmission and control



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MACHINE TOOL TRANSMSSION AND CONTROL Filed July 17, 1939 13 Sheets-Sheet 6 INV MOR.

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July 14, 1942. L. E. GoDFRlAUx MACHINE TOOL TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL` 1s 'sheets-sheet 7 Filed July 17. 19259 SMN,

w .lmwmw July 14, 1942. L. E. Goor-RIAux MACHINE TOOL TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL Filed July 17, '1959 July 14, 1942'. L. E. GoDFRlAux 2,289,957

MACHINE TooL TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL Filed July 17, 1939 13 Sheets-Sheet 9 At s YEOR.

L. E. GODFRIAUX MACHINE TOOL TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL a M l 4, l y .w .J

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L. E. GODFRIAUX MACHINE TOOL TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL July 14, 1942.

Filed July 17, 1939 13 Shets-Sheet 11 13 Sheets-Sheet 12 L. E. GODFRIAUX MACHINE TOOL TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL Flled July 17 1939 www WI E@ .m u Y 9m n. 9 h T .m 8 Q m o 2, w w n 2 e 1 m, @A m .6 m1 m m M w Af D Awl 11. www Dmv. GmJ amm Ll Lm .T E N I "n C .A M Z M 1 ww, y @QN im J www Patented July 14, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT .oFFl'fcE 2,289,957 MACHINE 'roorl TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL Application .my 1v, 1939, serial No. 284,905

2.7 Claims.

This invention relates to machine tool transmission and control mechanism and more particularly for lathes, especially turret lathes. A purpose of the invention is to provide a ma- .chine tool comprising tool or work supporting D, units or supports in an improved structural and operating relationship, and in an improved form as to the individual units.

'A further purpose is to provide improved transmission mechanism ior tool and work supporting units or supports of a machine tool, and in a fonn for improved cooperative relationship between diiferent units.

A further purpose is to provide -an improved control mechanism for ythe transmission mechanism of tool and Work supports of a machine tool, and particularly to provide controlsfor the individual supports suited for cooperation and interconnection between the controls of different supports.

A further -purpose is to provide transmission and control mechanism which incorporates uid or hydraulic operated devices in an improved form and relationship.

A further purpose is to provide control mechanism in which both hydraulic and electric operated devices are incorporated, each for preferred individual purposes, and cooperatively interconnected for effecting combination control eiects.

A further purpose is to provide an improved automatic control mechanism for machine operation, particularly where the machine cycle includes sub-cycles of operation of diierent units or supports, and particularly for turret lathes.

A further purpose is generally to simplify and improve the construction and operation of machine tools and of certain tool or work supporting elements thereof, especially for lathes and particularly for turret lathes.

Still other objects will be apparent from the speciiication, it being understood that the invention includes the methods and structures herein illustrated, described and claimed and such other methods and structure as are equivalent to the methods or structures of the claims.

4The same reference characters have been used for the same parts throughout, and in the drawings:

Figure 1 is 4a front elevation of an automatic d turret lathe incorporating the invention.

Figure 2 is a horizontal cross section of the spindle transmission and associated parts of the lathe of Fig. l, taken along line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken along line 3 3 of Fig. 2,

Figure 4 is an enlarged partial vertical section taken approximately along line 4 4 of Fig. 1.

Figure 5 is a partial vertical section taken approximately along line 5 5 of Fig. 4.

Figure 6 is a partial horizontal section taken along line 6 6 of Fig. 4.

Figure 7 -isa partial vertical section taken along line 1 1 of Fig. 4 and somewhat enlarged.

Figure 8 is la. partial vertical section taken along line 8 8 of Fig. 6.

Figure 9 is an enlarged partial front elevation of a cross slide and carriage mechanism of the machine of Fig. 1, together with some of the operating mechanism, some of the parts bein broken away in vertical section.

Figure 10 is a side elevation of the cross slide and carriage from the left in Fig. 9, partly in section along line III-Ill of Fig. 9.

Figure 11 is a partial horizontal section along line Il ll ol' Fig. 10.

Figure 12 is a partial vertical section along line I 2 I2 of Fig. 9.

Figure 13 is an enlarged partial vertical section along line |3 |3,of Fig. 12.

Figure 14 is an enlarged partial front elevation of the cross slide and carriage shown in Fig. 9, together with some o1' the operating mechanism,

some of the parts being broken away in vertical section.

Figurev 15 is a partial vertical section taken along line I5 I5 of Fig. 14.

Figure 16 is a vertical section along line IS-i of Fig. 14.

Figure 17 is apartial vertical section along line H I'l of Fig. 14.

Figure 18 is an enlarged plan view of a turret and its carriage, together with some of the control mechanism shown at the right end of the machine of Fig. 1.

Figure 19 is a partial vertical section, taken approximately along line |9 I9 of Fig. 18.

Figure 20 is a partial vertical section taken approximately along line 2li-20 of Fig. 19.

.Figure 21 is a plan viewv of a clamp ring structure shown in Fig. 19, partly in horizontal section along line 2l 2| of Fig. 19.

Figure 22 is a partial horizontal section along line 22 22 of Fig. 19.

Figure 23 is a partial vertical section along line 23 23 of Fig. 18;

Figure 24 is a partial right end elevation of the mechanism of Fig. 23.

Figure 25 is a partial vertical section along line 25-25 of Fig. 23. 4

Figure 26 is a partial vertical section along line 26 26 of Fig. 23.

Figure 27f'is an enlarged partial front elevartion of a portion of the mechanism shown at the right in Fig. 1, partly in vertical sectionA along line N 'Tl of Fig. 18.

Figure 28 is a partial vertical section taken approximately along line 28-28 of Fig. 27.

Figure 28a semi-diagrammatically shows cam dOgS used with a control drum shown in Fig. 27.

` verse to the carriage movement.

Figure 28h semi-diagrammatichlly shows a control valve device operatively associated with some of the mechanism of Fig. 27.

Figure 29 is a partial vertical section at 29--29 of Fig. 27.

Figure 30 is a partial verticalsection taken along line 30-30 of Fig. 2'1.

Figure 31 is a partial section taken along line 3|3| of Fig. 27.

Figure 32 is a partial horizontal section taken along line 32-32 of Fig., 1.

Figure 33 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken approximately along line 33-33 of Fig. l.

Figure 34 is a semi-diagrammatic vertical section of some of the mechanism of Fig. 33.

Figure 35 is a vertical section along line 35-35 of Fig. 33.

Figure 36 is an enlarged fragmentary front i elevation of some of the mechanism shown at the left end of Fig. 1.

Figure 37 is an enlarged front elevation of a valve unit shown at the left end of Fig. 1.

Figure 38 is a vertical section approximately along line 38--38 of Fig. 37.

Figures 39, 40 are vertical sections respectively along lines 39-39 and 40-40 of Fig. 38.

Figure 41 shows an enlarged partial section taken along line 4|-4| of Fig. 1.

Figures 42, 43 are vertical sections respectively along lines 42-42 and 43-43 of Fig. 41.

Figures 44, 46 are respectively partial sections of diiferent control vvalves of the machine of Fig. 1.

Figures 45, 47 are respectively side elevations of the control Valves of Figs. 44, 46.

Figure 48 is a diagram of certain of the control mechanism of the machine of Fig. 1, showing some of its operating'relationship.

Figure 49 is a diagram of an electric control circuit for an indexing motor used in the machine of Fig. 1. v The lathe of Fig. 1 includes a bed or main support 50 having an upstanding headstock por-v tion 50a in which an axially horizontal spindle Figs. 1, 2, is rotatably journaled. Slidably guided on suitable ways on bed 50 for longitudinal movement parallel with the spindle axis there is tool carriage 52 which supports a cross slide 53 bodily movable with the carriage and slidably guided thereon for movement trans- Also longitudinally slidably guided on bed 50 there is aturret carriage 54 which supports a tool turret 55 for bodily movement with the carriage and index movement about a vertical axis.

'I'he spindle 5| is driven from a multi-speed motor (not shown) which is fixed on bed 50 and having a motor shaft 56 driving a main clutch pulley 5 1, Figs. 1, 2, through a pulley 58 fixed on the motor shaft and through belts- 59. Ihe clutch pulley 51 is rotatably mounted on a shaft 60 which is journaled in the head' stock 50a. A main clutch 6| provides an intermediate friction plate 6|a which is slidably keyed with pulley 51, and may be frictionally engaged by friction plates 6Ib, 6|c. For alternatively engaging or disengaging the clutch plates there is a piston device 62 having a piston 62a, a piston rod 62h and pressure ports 62o, 62d. Piston rod 62h is connected to operate pivoted clutch levers such as 63, through an anti-friction thrust coupling 64, a rod 65, a pin 66 fixed with the rod and extending through suitable slots in shaft 60 to engage an outer unit 61a of thrust coupling 61 having a relatively rotatable inner member 61h, a member 68 iixed with the inner member 61h and togglemembers such as 69 pivoted at the one end on the member 68 and at the other end with the lever 63.

The drive shaft 60, Fig. 2, is connectible to drive the spindle 5| through a rate changer including meshed gear pairs of different ratio such as 1|12, 13-14, 15-16, 11-18, one of the gears of each pair being xed on the shaft and the other being rotatably mounted on a shaft 19, which is rotatably journaled in the headstock 50a and connected to the spindle 5| by a pinion 80 iixed on the shaft and a gear 8| ilxed on the spindle. The several gears 12, 14, 16, 18 may be selectively clutched to the shaft 60 respectively by clutches 82, 83, 84, 85 which may he of any suitable well-known form, there being a clutch spool 6 shiftable in different axial directions toalternatively engage the clutches 82, 83 and another clutch spool 81 similarly shiftable to alternatively engage the clutches 84, 85. Each of the clutch spools has an intermediate position where neither of the associated clutches are engaged.

The clutch spools 86, 81, Fig. 2, may be shifted by a piston device 90, Figs. 4, 6, having a piston 90a, a piston rod 90b and pressure ports 90e, 90d, Fig. 7, the piston rod being connected to a rack bar 9| by means of a pinion 92. The rack bar 9| also engages pinions 93, 94 respectively xed on vertical shafts 95, 96 each of which have fixed on their lower ends eccentric members such as 91 as shown in Fig. 8 for the shaft 95, the eccentrics respectively carrying anti-friction rollers 98, 99, Fig. 5. The eccentrics are respectively set at different angles, as shown in Fig. 6, so arranged that as the piston 90a is shifted, by control means later described, the clutches 82, 83, 84, 85, Figs. 2, 5, will be engaged one at a time in diierent positions of the piston.

A spindle brake |00, Figs. 2, 3, includes a brake drum |00a fixed on the spindle 5I and engaged by a brake band |00b, which is anchored at the one end on a bracket |00c carried by the headstock and at the other end is `urged to released position by a spring |00d, but may be urged in braking direction by a piston device |00e providing a piston |00f and a port |00g.

The tool carriage 52 is alternatively longitudinally positioned in a working position, to the left of the position shown in Fig. 1, and in a loading position approximately where shown. For movement of carriage between these positions there is provided a piston device |0I, Figs. 1, 9, carried on bed 50, having a piston |0|a, a piston rod |0|b and ports |0|c, |0|d, the rod being extended for rack teeth |0|e, Fig. 1l, to

. engage a pinion |02 carried in a bracket |03 fixed with the carriage. A plunger |04 also has rack tooth engagement with the pinion and at the one end carries an abutment roller |05 engageable wtih a locating notch |06 of block |01 which is longitudinally adjustably fixed on bed 50. In the one direction of movement of piston |0|a to the left in Fig. 9 the plunger |04 is forced inwardly toward plate I 01 and when roller |05 engages the face of the plate the carriage 52 moves to the left until the roller engages locating notch |06, such engagement locking the carriage in working position. In the other direction of 'movement of piston |0|a, to the right in Fig. 9, the plunger |04 moves outwardly against a stop such as |08, Fig. 1l, and the carriage then moves to loading position, that is to say, to the end of the right-hand piston travel. Such 'movements of the carriage 52 are controlled as later described.

The cross slide 53, Figs. 1, 10, has a central position, approximately where shown in Fig. 10, to which it is returned after a forward or cutting stroke in either direction, to right or left in Fig. 10. In each direction the slide is moved forward at relatively rapid or' quick traverse rate until cutting tools, not shown, which are suitably fixed adjacent opposite ends on the slide, are about to contact. the work piece. The rate is then changed to a relatively slow feed rate to complete the forward movement following which the slide returns to central position at quick traverse rate. The slide movements are effected by a piston device ||0, Figs. 1, 14, providinga piston ||a, Figs. 15 48, a piston rod |'0b and ports ||0c, ||0d, ||0e, ||0f; the rod being extended for suitable rack teeth to engage a pinion ||2 xed for rotation with a shaft ||3 and with a bushing ||4 having internal splines slidably engaging external splines 5a on a shaft ||5, having xed thereon a pinion H6, Figs. 10, 14, which meshes with a rack I|`| xed on the cross slide 53. Positive stop means are provided for limiting the movement of cross slide 53 in each direction from the central position shown in Fig. 10,'including a stop carrier disc ||8, Figs. 1, 15, providing spaced locating holes such as ||8a into any of which stops such as llb, ||8c may be tted to respectively engage adjustable abutment screws ||8d, ||8e during movement of the cross slide in different forward directions from the central position. The slidably splined engagement of the shaft 5 provides for the longitudinal movement, previously mentioned, of the cross slide and its carriage 52. The feed and quick traverse movements of the cross slide 53 and the control mechanism therefor will later be more fully described.

The turret carriage 54, Fig. 1, is there shown in a loading position, at the extreme of its righthand movement. From this position the carriage has forward movement to the left, the first portion of such forward movement being at relatively fast quick traverse rate, which is changed to a feed rate as cutting tools, not shown, which are suitably xed with the turret face then presented to the work, are about to contact the work piece. stroke the turret is returned to the loading position at relatively rapid rate. These movements are effected by a piston device |20, Figs. 19, 22, having a piston |a, a piston rod |202),

and ports |20c, |20d, the piston rod being rigidly fixed with bed 50, the piston operating in a suitable bore in the carriage 54 which forms a cylinder xed with the carriage and bodily movable therewith. The feed and quick traverse movements of the turret carriage 54, and the control mechanism therefor will later be more fully described.

The turret 55, Figs. l, 19, is rotatably positioned on the turret carriage 54 by the means of a pivot shaft |22, Fig, 23, which is fixed with the turret and journaled in a top plate |23 of the carriage, the turret providing a bottom plate |24 bearing against the carriage top plate. Y The adjacent edges of the plates are annular and pro-x vide angular surfaces upon which portions |25a,

|25b of a clamp ring |25, Fig. 21, may be contracted whereby to rigidly clamp the turret in any of its indexed positions, as later explained. A primary locating plunger |26, Fig. 20, is engageable with primary locating bushings such as A movement of 120 of sprocket |32.

At the completion of the forward |21 in each of the turret index positions, there Y being also another locatingplunger |28 providing an upper'portion |28a engageable with bushings such as |29 in each of the turret positions, the plunger |28 also providing a lower portion |28b and a piv'oted trigger device |280 urged by a spring |28d, for purposes later explained.

When the turretA locating plungers |26, |28,

Fig. 20, are withdrawn below their respective` bushings and the clamp ring |25 is released the turret 55 may be rotatably power indexed, but only when the turret carriage 54 is in the righthand limit of its movement, Figs. 1, 18. The power indexing mechanism is as follows:

A motor 3| Fig. 23, is housed in the hollow bed underneath the turret carriage, and when energizedthe motor drives a sprocket |32 through coupling members |33a,'|33b, |33c, a. shaft |34 and a crank pin |3511 of a Geneva motion-device |35, Figs. 23, 24, the Geneva device including a rotatably mounted cam plate |35b providing three equi-angular cam slots |350, |35d, |358; the sprocket |32 being fixed for rotation with the cam plate |3512; whereby actuation of shaft |34 at constant speed eifects a step-by-step angular `The sprocket |32 is connected for rotatably indexing the turret through a chain |36, another sprocket |31, a shaft |38, a coupling member |39 having socket portions |39a, |39?) and fixed on shaft |30, a coupling member |4| slidably keyed on a shaft |40 and having tooth portions such as |4|a adapted to engage the notches |3911, and a pair of meshed bevel gears |42, |43 respectively xed on the shaft |40 and on the pivot shaft |32.

The ratio of the described train connecting the sprocket |32 and turret 55 is suchy that the 120 angular movement of the sprocket |32 is reduced to of angular turret movement. The drive from motor |3| to and including the coupling member |39 is carried on bed 50, while the coupling member |4| and the remainder of the train is carried on the turret carriage. As the turret carriage reaches the limit of its righthand movement the coupling teeth |4|a engage the notches |3911 and the motor |3| may then index the turret. A spring |44 provides a yielding of the coupling member |4| sufficient to rm- 1y seat the teeth |4|a in the notches, the teeth and notches having complementary angular sides for such seating to prevent lost motion in the index train.

For withdrawing the turret index locating plungers |26, |28, Fig. 20, whereby to permit indexing of the turret, and for later reengaging the locating plungers there is mechanism a's follows: A control plunger |48, Figs. 19, 20, is slidably fitted in a suitable longitudinal bore in the turret carriage 54 and yieldably urged to the right in Fig.20 by a spring |49. The control plunger |48 carries congurated cam insets |50, |5|, Fig. 19, respectively for the index locating plungers |26, |28, each of the plungers having suitable cam follower rolls at their lower ends, as shown in Fig. 20. During backward movement of the turret carriage, to the right in Fig. 20, an adjustable abutment screw |52 contacts an abutment |53 fixed on bed 50 and plunger |48 is forced to the left in Fig. 20. During this movement the lower portion |28?) of plunger |28 is forcedupwardly by a cam surface |54 of its cam insert |5| and thereby simultaneously forces the plunger |26 downwardly out of engagement with its bushing, the lower plunger end being received in a cam depression |54a, there being 4for such simultaneous plunger movement a pinion |55 simultaneously oppositely engaging suitable rack teeth on the diilerent plungers. Both the plungers are then disengaged since the abutment of latch |28c on the bottom of its bushing prevents the upper portion |28a of plunger |28 from entering the bushing at this time. The turret carriage 54 reaches the limits of its backward movement, where the coupling members |89,

'|4I, Fig. 23, are engaged for indexing, as previously described, while both the plungers |26, |28

are disengaged, and the indexing then is initiated as later described. During the index movement the next bushing to be engaged by plunger |28 passes through a position where the latch |l28c permits entry of the plunger |28 which then engages its bushing for locating the turret substantially in indexed position. During the next forward movement of the turret carriage, to the left of the position shown in Fig. 20, the spring |54 forces the plunger |48 back toward the relative position shown in Fig. 20, whereby the locating 4plunger `|26 is forced upwardly into engagement with its bushing by a cam portion |58, the pinion |55 simultaneously forcing the lower plunger portion |2811 downwardly into a suitable cam depression and this movement also carrying the upper plunger portion |28a downwardly sufciently for the latch |280 to again engage under the lower face of its bushing, as before.

It will be noted that the final seating of the primary turret locating plunger |26, Figs. 19, 20, is spring pressed to insure full engagement, the cam inset |50 which ellects such seating being a cantilever spring fixed with plunger |48 at the one end by screws such as |5011, Fig. 20, and having clearance at |50b, Figs. 19, 20.

If it is desired, during indexing, to pass over one or more turret positions the plunger |28, Fig. 20, is prevented from entering the locating bushings at the corresponding station or stations. This'is effected by blocking plugs, such as |59, which are associated with each of the various bushings for plunger |28. The blocking plugs have a lower abutment portion |59a which is normally retained in upper position, as shown, by a threaded portion |5911 engaging a suitable threaded bore, but the abutment plug may be advanced by the threads of the bore to stand in a lower position preventing entry of plunger |28 into the bushing. The control mechanism for eilecting the multiple index movements required for passing over desired index stations will be later described.

Means are provided to prevent the turret carriage 54 from moving forward, to the left in Figs. 1, 23, unless the indexing of turret 55 has been properly completed. To effect this result a ring |62, Figs. 23, 25, is fixed on the coupling member |39 for rotation with the index train shaft |38, the ring having notches such as |82a at suitable angular spacing to receive a lever |63, pivoted on the bed 50, when the index train' is in any of the indexed turret positions, the lever being urged to such engagement by a spring |64. When the lever is engaged in a notch I62a the turret carriage may move forward but if the turret is not properly indexed, whereby the lever is not engaged, an interference portion |6311 will be engaged by an abutment portion |55 fixed on the carriage to prevent forward carriage movement.

The plunger |48, Fig. 20, is also used for unclamping the turret'clamp ring |25, Figs. 19, 21, prior to indexing, and for subsequently reclamping the turret. The ring portions |25a, I251b are eccentric portions "2a, |125 on ashaft |12 which also has xed thereon a gear |18 engaging suitable rack teeth on the plunger |48. The angular position of the eocentrics and relationship of the parts is such that as the plunger. |48 is shifted to the left. Fig. 20, at the end of the right-hand carriage movement as described, the eccentrics spread the clamp ring portions to unclamp the turret for the index movement, and when the spring |49 forces the plunger in. the other direction at the start of the next forward carriage movement, 4 the eceentrics draw the clamp ring members together to clamp the turret, but not until the index locating plunger |26 has seated to locate the turret, as previously described. For adjusting the clamp ring there is provided a stud |14 fixed on thepne ring portion and in threaded engagement with a nut |140, carried by the other ring portion.

An indexible control dog drum |90, Figs. l, 18, 19, is rotatably carried on the turret carriage 54 for bodily longitudinal movement therewith. Referring to Figs. 19, 23, the index train shaft |40 has iixed thereon a bevel gear |9| meshed with a bevel gear |92 xed on a shaft |93 which is connected to a control drum shaft |95 through meshed helical gears |95, |95; whereby the control drum is indexed correspondingly with turret 55. Suitable dog sets, respectively operative in the dierent index positions of drum |90 may operate during the longitudinal movement of the turret carriage for selectively actuating control plungers shown in Fig. 33, as will later be fully described.

An indexible control dog drum 200, Figs. l., 18, 27, is rotatably carried on. suitable bracket portions 20|a, 2Mb on bed 50. Drum 200 is fixed on a shaft 202 and when the turret carriage is in its turret index position, that is to say, at the extreme right, Fig. 1, suitable notches such as 20311, Fig. 27, of a coupling member 203 xed on the shaft 202 are engaged by complementary tooth members such as 204a on a coupling member 204 fixed on the shaft |94. The tooth members 204a have lost motion in the notches, for reasons later explained. When the turret 55 and control dog drum |98 are indexed as previously described the control dog drum 200 is correspondingly indexed through the engaged coupling members. Suitable dog sets, respectively for the different index steps of the turret 55, may operate during the index movement to selectively operate control valve plungers shown in Fig. 27 as will later be more fully described.

Pressure fluid means are provided including two pumps 2|0, 2||, Figs. l, 48, which may he of any suitable type for relatively large volume at relatively low pressure, suitable for idle or rapid traverse support movements and for operation of control devices, etc. These pumps are mounted in a unitary housing and both driven from a shaft 2| la of a suitable motor, not shown, by any suitable means such as the pulleys and belts of Fig. 1. There are also provided two pumps 2|4, 2|5, Figs. l, 48, respectively for actuation of the turret carriage 54 during its relatively slow feed rate movement and for the relatively slow feed rate movement and the cross slide 53. These pmnps are mounted in a unitary housing and both driven from the spindle 5|, Figs. 2, 4, through a sprocket 2li, a chain 2|1, a shaft 2|9 and a suitable sprocket f whereby to connect dog on the shaft. The pumps are each adjustable for change of feed rate delivery by similarly rotatable adjusting members 2Ila, 2I5a, Figs. 1, 4. Each pump provides means such as fluid pressure or springs, not shown, for individually continuously urging the pump adjustment to zero delivery position, but adjustment may be made in the other direction by the means of .exible cables 2Mb, 2|5b carried around the periphery of the adjusting members of the respective pumps and connected to operating mechanism later described. It will be understood that pumps 2H, 2|5 may be of Vany of various suitable weliknown types for delivery of feed pressure fluid and for adjustment of delivery volume as described.

It will be understood that the tool equipment of the machine normally includes several sets of turret tools, not shown, respectively associated withdiiferent lateral faces of turret 55. A cycle of machine operation includes a number of forward andretum movements of the turret carriage, each termina 'ng with a return of the turretl carriageto the extreme of its right-hand movement, to the position shown in Fig. 1, and with an index movement of turret 55 to present that set of tools in the direction of spindle, 5I which will be used movement.

The turret indexing motor I3I, Figs. 23, 49, is actuated through a pressure switch 225, Figs. 27, 49, and a cam operated switch 26, Figs. 26, 49. During the return movement of the turret carriage to the position of Fig. 1 the coupling member 2ll4a, Fig. 27, engages the notch 2ll3a,

drum 200 for index rotation, as previously described, and during such engagement of the member 2Mo strikes the head 2210, of a rod or plunger 221 and forces the plunger to the right in Fig. 27 against the resistance of a spring 228. During this plunger movement a plunger portion 221b engages a latch 229 pivced on a lever 230, the latch being urged to the engaging position shown by the means of a spring 229e and the lever, which is pivotedat 23|la, being urged to the engaging position shown by the means of a spring pressed plunger 23|. The final right-hand position of plunger 221 carries the portion 221D past the latch but in the meantime the switch 225 has been closed and the index motor starts an index movement. As has been previously mentioned the index movement rotates drum 200, whereby a disc 232, Figs. 27, 29, carried on the drum shaft 202, is also rotated. The disc carries several removable and replaceable dogs such as 232g angularly positioned for a dog to be available, in each indexed position of the turret 55, to restrain a spring pressed plunger 233 in its lower position shown, but immediately after the index movement starts and before pressure switch 225 is released from the initial closed position described, the plunger 233 is released from the dog 232a. At for an abutment portion .23|lb to .stand behind a complementary abutment portion on. the plunger 233 and the engaged abutments prevent reverse pivoting of the lever 230 for opening of the switch 225 until index rotation of the disc 232 has brought another dog 232'a to force the plunger down again. The switch 225 may then open, since the latch 229 may rise into an annular groove 221e in the plunger 221. For the final positioning of the index mechanism the switch 226, Figs. 26, 49, is relied upon.

in the next forwardturret l this time the lever 230 is pivoted 223 is normally in closed positionv but may be opened by a cam portion 235 on the coupling member |33c, Figs. 23, 26, which is fixed on index drive shaft |34, the cam portion shifting a pivoted switch opening lever 236.

It will be noted that removal of some of the dogs 232a, Figs. 27, 29, on the disc 232 will cause the indexing to continue past the turret position corresponding to the dogs removed, whereby the complete rotation of the turret 55 such as is necessary for a complete machine cycle may be effected without loss of time during a machine cycle which requires use of only part of the tool stations provided on the turret. Where indexing proceeds through more than one station the index locating plungers are prevented from engaging as a station is passed over, as previously described.

The circuit of the index motor I3 I, Figs. 23, 49, also includes an interlock switch 231 which prevents indexing of turret 55 at any time when the cross slide- 53 has been moved from its central unloading position. Switch 231 is carried on bed 50 in a housing 231a, Fig. l, adjacent to a cam 233 xed on the cross slide actuating shaft II3. Switch 231 includes a lever 239 normally spring urged to closed switch'position, but shifted to open switch position by operation of the cam on a plunger 240 except when shaft I I3 is in the position corresponding to the central position of cross slide 53.

A cycle of machine operation, as stated, indexes turret 55 through a complete revolution whereby the mechanism previously described would also turn control dog drum 200, Figs. 1, 27, through one revolution, except that there is suflicient lost motion between the coupling tooth members 2Mo and the engaged notch 203a that at the conclusion of the cycle the control drum 200 may be manually rotated suciently to bring into operation the dog set which initiates the next machine cycle. As has been previously pointed out the final return movement of turret carriage 54 during a machine cycle effects the index movement positioning the turret for the next cycle, and the manual rotation of the drum 20|) as just mentioned starts the new cycle into operation.

Such initial manual movement of control drum 200 is effected by a hand lever 250, Figs. 27, 28. The hand lever is pivoted at 2500, on an extension of the bed bracket portion 2Illa and urged by suitable means, such as a spring, not shown, to the position shown in Fig. 28, determined by a stop pin 25|. Pivoted on the hand lever there is an actuator arm 252 normally urged against a stop 252a as by a spring 252D. A pin 253 is carried on control drum 200 and at the end of a machine cycle stands in the angular position shown in Fig. 28 where a forward movement of lever 250 will engage the notched end of actuator arm 252 against the pin whereby to angularly shift dog drum 200 sufficiently for removable and replaceable dogs, such as 254, to selectively depress any of the control plungers shown adjacent the drum in Fig. 27.` It will be understood that dogs such as 254 may be suitably positioned in any of the dog grooves such as 254a respectively aligned with the different plungers, and that the dogs may be of various types. A dog such as 264a,

Fig. 28a, for example, will maintain the control plunger depressed during an entire cycle of index and forward and return movement of carriage 54, while a dog such as 2Mb will pass over and release the control plunger during an index move- Switch ment.

266 enters the line 26011 through which the iluid passes to a manually operable control valve 261, having a hand lever 261a for rotation olf a. valve spool 261b. With the hand lever 261a in the position shown the pressure iluid from line 260b will pass through the valve spool 261h and through a channel 268 will shift a valve plunger 269a of a pressure valve 269 to the left in Fig. 48, to the position shown, the valve plunger being normally urged to the right by a. spring not shown. end of piston 62a of the clutch operating piston device 62, ligs. 2, 48, is continuously suppli'd with pressure uid from the pressure line 266 through the lines 266:1., 266b and the port 62d, whereby the piston 62a is continuously be connected to a drain whereby clutch 6| will be disengaged, while the port |g of the brake piston |00f will be connected to the pressure line 2661), whereby to operate brake |00, and the spindie will stop.

member 269a to release brake |00 and engage the spindle clutch 6| as previously described. In the other angular position of `hand lever 261a the a drain groove 261d, whereby the brake is engaged and the clutch is 'I'he dog operable valve 26|, Figs. 27, 48, automatically controls valve means associated with piston port ||0e, In the other position of the valve plungers, to the left of the position shown, as effected when pressure iiuid is supplied through control valve 26|, the uid'line 216 is connected with the piston port ||0c and cut off from port ll0f, while the line 211 is cut oilE from port ||0d and connected to port ||0e. when line 211 is connected with a pressure fluid supply and line 216 to a drain, as later described, the piston device H0 will move the cross slide 53 in the one or the other direction from the central position shown in Fig. 10, accordingly as the valve 26| is depressed by the drum dog, or is spring urged to its upper position, Fig. .48.

The dog operable valve 262, Figs. 27, 48, automatically controls the alternative positioning of the cross slide carriage 52,

piston port drain 28| through an annular valve groove 219b and a central bore of the valve plunger shown in Fig. 13, while the port |0|c receives pressure fluid from the line 280. Thus, when control valve 262 is dog operated the piston device I0| and cross slide carriage 52 are shifted to the right,-Figs. 9, 48, such carriage movement, as will be apparent from previous description of the structure, first withdrawing the carriage locating plunger |04, Figs. 10, 1l, from moved forward to ride on the face of the locating block |01 and when the carriage reaches the working position adjustably determined by the block, the plunger roll |05 enters the notch |06 and rigidly retains the carriage in the working, position thus determined,

The dog operable valve 263, Figs. 30, 48, operates ln combination with a control valve unit 285, Figs. 1, 37, 48, for control of movements of cross slide 53. I

The control valve unit 285 includes a valve 286, Figs. 40, 48, having a valve plunger 286a which has a central position, where shown, from which it may be shifted either to right or left, the plunger being yieldably retained in the central position by a pin 281, Figs. 38, 40, a lever 288 xed on a shaft 289, a hand lever 280, also fixed on the shaft and a, spring pressed plunger 29| yieldably engaging a suitable configuration in a bushing 292. Valve plunger 286 may be urged in either direction as determined by the position of a valve 295, Figs. 40, 48, having a valve plunger 295a, as will be later described.

The valve unit 285 primarily receives pressure iiuid from the pump 2| I, Figs. 1, 48, the iluid being drawn from a reservoir such as 30| and delivered through a channel 302, Figs. 39, 48, to a passage 302a of the valve unit. A primary relief valve 303, of any suitable type, maintains the supply fluid at pressure predetermined by spring 30,3a and by-passes any surplus fluid through a chamber 304, a passage 305 and a secondary or back-pressure relief valve 306 which maintains a pressure predetermined by a spring 306a and bypasses excess fluid 'to a drain 301. The passage 302a, Figs. 39. 40, supplies pressure fluid to an annular port 28612 of the valve 286. In any of the positions of valve plunger 286a the pressure fluid lls annular grooves 286e, 286a, there being position of the piston shown in Fig. 40, accordlongitudinal grooves such as 286e continuously y communicating with the annular port 286D.

In the centralposition of valve plunger 286a,

which is shown in Fig. 40,

port 286b is by-passed through cross passages -such as 286] and a central bore 286g to the chamber 304, Figs. 39, 40, and thence through the back pressure relief valve 306 and drain 301.

In the left-hand position of the valve plunger 286a, to the left of the central position shown in Fig. 40, the by-pass outlet through the cross passages 286i is cut oil, and pressure fluid is delivered to a valve port 286h from which it passes through a channel 309 to overcome the pressure of a spring pressed one-Way valve plunger 3|0, the .iluid passing through a groove 3|0a to unseat the valve plunger and enter a .chamber 3H, from which it passes through a channel 3I2, Figs. 39, 40, to the line 211 which is connected through the valve unit 215, Fig. 40, for operation of the cross slide piston device I| 0 as previously described. The pressure ilud in line 211 may operate the piston I |0a in either the pressure iiuid in ingly as the valves of unit 215 have been positioned by dog operation of control valve 26|, as previously explained. In the position of valves 215a, 215|), 215e 215d shown in Fig. 48 pressure fluid from line 211 is directed to port ||0d of piston device ||0 and the piston |I0a moves downwardly, Figs. 15, 48, the uid from the port H0! passing out through valve 215d to the line 216, this line being connected for return of fluid in the left-hand position of y 286a. through a passage 3|4, Figs. 39, 40, an annular port 286i`of valve 286, an annular groove 286k in the valve plunger and a cross passage 286m which communicates with the axial bore 286g, whencethe iiuid passes to thechamber 304, Figs. 39, 40, and surplus fluid passes out through the back pressure valve 306 and drain 301 as previously described.

In the right-hand position of the valve plunger 286a. to the right of the central position shown in Fig. 40. the pressure uid from the annular port 286|) is cut oil.' from outflow through the cross passages 286f, the same as for the left position Aof the valve plunger, previously described, but in the right-hand valve plunger position the pressure fluid passes tothe annular valve port 286i and thence through the passage 3|4, Figs. 39, 40, to the line 216. Provided the valve positions of the valve unit 215 remain the same as just described, that is to say the same as shown in Fig. 48, the pressure fluid will now be applied to the port H0! of piston device H0, thereby to return the piston Ilga and the cross slide 53 toward the central position occupied prior to the movement just described for the lefthand position of plunger 286a. During this return movement uid from the port ||0d of piston device ||0 passes vvout through 215b and through the line 211, Figs. 39, 48, passage 3| 2, Figs. 39, 40, a one-way valve 3| 6, the passage 309, ports 20Gb, an annular groove 2861, and a cross passage 286s into the axial bore 286g and thence to the chamber 304, Figs. 39,40, and `iltrough the back pressure valve 306 to the drain The successive left and right positions of valve plunger 286a with the position of the valve unit 215 shown in Fig. 48, effect forward movement of the cross slide 53 in the one direction from the central position shown in Fig. 10, followed by return movement to its central position. It will also be apparent from the preceding description that when the dog controlled valve 26| has been operated to effect the other position as previously described of the valves of valve unit 215, the same successive left and right positions of valve plunger 286a will effect forward movement of the cross slide in the other direction from its central position followed by return movement thereof. In other Words the direction of the cycle of forward and return movement from the central start position of piston I|0a and cross slide 53 which may be effected by left and right movements of valve plunger 286a is predetermined by the dog controlled operation of the valve 26|. In either cycle direction the return movement positions the piston 1following forward movement in different direcions.

the valve plunger the valve` 

